Category: writing

Sunday, 15 January 2012

12:00 – I’m still cranking away on the final lab session, which I should finish up today or tomorrow.

Barbara disassembled 600 15 mL dropper bottles yesterday, which means unscrewing and removing the cap and then pulling the dropper tip plug. That’s a lot of work that wouldn’t be necessary if our supplier shipped those bottles already disassembled. These are Chinese-made bottles, and the supplier says they’re shipped that way to save shipping costs. I suggested that since bottles must be disassembled to fill them, they might want to package the bottles, caps, and dropper tips separately, even if that raised the price a bit.

Before I ordered these bottles, I seriously considered buying the equivalent bottles from one of my other suppliers. Those bottles are US-made and cost about 25% more than the Chinese bottles. Although the cost of bottles is not an insignificant percentage of component costs, the extra cost of the US-made bottles wasn’t really the deciding factor. Other than having to disassemble them, I actually prefer the Chinese bottles. The body of their dropper tips is about two or three times longer than the body of the US-made dropper tips. The Chinese tips are a tight friction fit in the mouth of the bottle, while the much shorter US tips are a snap fit. To me, the Chinese tips seem more secure. I’m afraid that if I use the US bottles someone will squeeze a bottle too enthusiastically and pop out the dropper tip. That wouldn’t be good, particularly if the bottle contained a concentrated acid, strong ammonia, or a similar chemical. So for now I’m sticking with the Chinese bottles and hoping I can convince my supplier to package the bottles, caps, and tips separately.


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Saturday, 14 January 2012

09:36 – S&P downgraded the sovereign debt of France, Italy, and Spain yesterday, but that may turn out to be yesterday’s second most important eurozone development. Of course, everyone is focused on upcoming debt auctions by those countries over the next two or three weeks, at which they can expect very high yields and very low bid/cover ratios, but the really significant euro news yesterday was the collapse of negotiations on Greek debt.

The “troika” insists on PSI (private-sector involvement), which means there won’t be any more bailout money for Greece unless private investors “voluntarily” agree to a “haircut” (write-down) on the Greek debt they already hold. Yesterday, hopes of that pretty much disappeared. The group representing private investors basically told the troika to get screwed. Why should they take any loss at all? If Greece formally defaults, the credit-default swaps that the private investors hold become payable, and those investors walk away with 100% instead of 50% or less. Of course, there’s also a very high probability that a formal default by Greece causes the collapse of the euro and the eurozone, with Italy, Spain, and the rest toppling like dominoes. As of now, there’s no more bailout money in prospect for Greece, which has debt coming due in a few weeks and no way to finance it. A so-called disorderly default looks almost certain, after which everything quickly unravels.


Yesterday, I decided to do a complete reorganization and rewrite of the final lab session. I had intended to focus that session on vertebrate organs and organ systems, but I finally realized I was trying to cram an entire anatomy book into a single lab session. So instead I’ve repurposed that lab session around an exploration of tissue types, which will of course also touch on numerous organs and organ systems. So, rather than finishing the session today as planned, it looks like it’ll take me a couple more days.

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Friday, 13 January 2012

08:06 – Friday the 13th falls on a Friday this month…


FexEx showed up yesterday with a couple thousand polyethylene dropper bottles, 100 dozen 15 mL, 50 dozen 30 mL, and 20 dozen 125 mL. With what I already have on hand, that’s sufficient for the first batch of 56 biology kits. We’re still debating how many biology kits to stock pending publication of the biology lab book. We want to strike a balance among timely delivery, working capital allocated to inventory, storage space for finished-goods inventory, and freshness of the kits. I have second sources (and usually third and fourth sources) for all of the components, so back-ordered components shouldn’t be a problem. Working all-hands-on-deck, we can probably build and ship 100 kits a week, so if there’s a real flood of initial orders we should be able to keep up with only short shipment delays. I hope.


Work continues on the final lab session. I’d planned to finish it today, but it looks like that’s not going to happen. I should be able to finish it over the weekend.

One of the first things on my to-do list after I get this book complete is to upgrade my main office system. I am running, believe it or not, Ubuntu 9.04. It’s just short of three years old, and even security updates were discontinued long ago.

The problem was again made evident yesterday. My Epson V300 scanner arrived on Wednesday, so yesterday when I decided to take a break I figured I’d set it up and see if it worked. It didn’t, of course. It required newer versions of some system utilities, and those simply aren’t available for Ubuntu 9.04.

So, come 1 February, I’m going to back up all my stuff, pull the current system drive, pop in a new 3 TB Barracuda, and install a current Linux. The question is, which one. I’m pretty sure I don’t want to install the current Ubuntu, which by all accounts has completely gone off the rails. I’m thinking about installing the current Kubuntu, but I’m certainly willing to consider alternatives. What I want is a good desktop Linux, ideally one that’ll recognize my scanner and other stuff automagically and Just Work. Same deal on stuff like networking my system to Barbara’s and the den system. So, which is the best desktop Linux out there?


14:19 – Oh, boy. S&P is getting ready to downgrade the sovereign debt ratings of France and Austria. For Austria, no longer being AAA will be annoying but not critical, at least for the moment. For France, losing its AAA rating is catastrophic. France now officially joins the rest of Club Med. And the FANG nations are now the FNG nations.

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Thursday, 12 January 2012

08:00 – I finished the lab session on cell-division yesterday and sent it off to my editors. I told Barbara last night that it’s fortunate I work at home alone, or I’d probably have been locked up in a rubber room long ago. Yesterday, I was writing and just started laughing for no reason that would have been apparent to a bystander. Most people wouldn’t find meiosis all that funny.

I’d written about mitosis and decided I’d better include at least an overview of meiosis, a life process with a similar name and similar mechanisms. The difference is that mitosis operating on a diploid cell produces genetically-identical diploid daughter cells, while meiosis produces genetically-unique haploid cells, i.e., gametes. The process by which meiosis produces this genetic uniqueness is called homologous recombination, during which homologous pairs of chromosomes exchange some of their genes.

So, as I was sitting there writing about meiosis, I thought about that immortal phrase that by itself shows the pitiably parlous state of science reporting. A year or so ago, a CBS news story actually used the phrase “homologous recombinaltion tiniker”. (Well, technically a phrase is a group of words, and only one of those three groups of letters is actually a word.) So, for a moment, I actually considered including a graphic titled “Homologous Recombinaltion Tiniker” to illustrate that gene shuffling. That’s when I started to laugh.


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Wednesday, 11 January 2012

08:12 – The guy from Piedmont Natural Gas showed up yesterday to look at the gas logs. He blew out the thermocouple/oxygen sensor mechanism, as I’d done, but apparently more successfully. The pilot light has been burning since he left, but we haven’t had the gas logs lit yet, other than the several minutes that we let them burn while he was here watching them. The pilot flame now looks normal, a pure blue gas flame rather than blue tinged with yellow.

I’m almost finished with Lab IV-3: Investigating Cell Division. That will go off to the editors today, and I’ll jump back into the final session, Lab XI-4: Investigating Vertebrate Structures. I’ll finish that this week, and that’ll be it for new material, other than the Preface and Introduction. I’ll get those knocked out next, and then jump into rewriting and cleaning up the material I’d already written. This book will be ready to go to production on 31 January.

I’ve never yet been happy with a book at the point I have to let go of it and let production do their magic, and this one is no exception. As our friends Mary and Paul can confirm, I’ve been walking around for weeks now, muttering “I HATE biology!” Of course, before that it was “I HATE forensics!” and before that it was “I HATE chemistry!” And I don’t doubt that at some point it’ll be “I HATE physics!”

The good news is that the time between to-production on 31 January and when the book is actually published in April or May gives me a cooling off period. When I finally hold the printed book in my hands, I’ll flip it open to a random page and immediately spot an error. It happens every time. But then I’ll start paging through it and decide, hey, this is actually a pretty good book. That happens every time, too.


09:41 – Well, this is interesting. Italy, which is paying unsustainable interest rates with no relief in sight, has basically told the EU, “give us money or we’ll depart the euro and withdraw from the EU.” Of course, Monti didn’t phrase it exactly that way, but the meaning is clear. If Germany doesn’t pay Italy’s bills, which Germany is not going to do, Italy will leave the EU. And Italy has metric boatload of debt to sell in the near future. It’s paying over 7% now. I shudder to think what it’ll be paying soon.

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Tuesday, 10 January 2012

08:00 – With three weeks until deadline, I’m in the home stretch on the biology book now. I’ve allocated the rest of this week to finishing up two lab sessions that are now in progress, one the vertebrate survey and the other about the life cycle (cell division/mitosis). Once those are complete, I’ll spend a few days doing a quick run-through of all the lab session chapters, cleaning them up and making them consistent before I send them off to reviewers. Then I’ll finish up the Preface and Introduction chapters and start incorporating comments from the editors.

Someone on the Well-Trained Minds forums posted a query yesterday about scanning her old color negatives to produce digital image files. She’d found the Epson Perfection V300 Photo Scanner on Amazon.com for $80 and asked if that would do what she needed. My old Epson 3450 scanner died some time ago, and I’ve had replacing it on my to-do list since then. I checked and found that the V300 is Linux-compatible, so I replied and told her that I’d just ordered one and if she wanted to hold off for a while I’d test it by scanning some of our old color negatives and let her know how it worked.

Barbara is mad at me because of my reaction to a story in the newspaper this morning. Apparently, she was talking about it with her friends at work yesterday. Some woman couldn’t find her dog, so she went and looked in her neighbor’s window–which I’m sure is what any of us would do if we couldn’t find our dogs–and saw him having sex with the dog. They got a DNA sample from the dog, which they had a vet analyze. The DNA matched, so they arrested the guy. When Barbara told me what had happened, I started to laugh. She was not amused. “This isn’t funny!”, she said. “It’s disgusting.” The more I laughed, the more trouble I was in. Must be a girl thing.


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Sunday, 8 January 2012

07:44 – This will probably be my last post for a while, and one of few I’ll make between now and my drop-dead book deadline on 31 January.

I thought this comment, which was posted yesterday, deserved more of a response than I could give it in the comments section.

RBT, I have a couple questions relating to your home science books. I don’t recall seeing them asked before, but apologies if they’ve been asked and answered already.

Is the Forensics book likely to be available in the next year or so, or ever? I gather there was an ownership or other legal issue. This is of interest to me because one of my kids is interested in chemistry and biology but his eyes light up when discussing forensics.

Of the Chemistry, Biology, and possible Forensics books and lab sets, is there any required or recommended order? I’ll be getting one of the kits for this coming summer when he’s with me and the second for the following summer. I’m too ignorant to have an informed opinion. (I took Bio and Chem in high school, but that was 30 years ago and the labs were minimal with junk scopes and balances. But that’s ok. The football and basketball teams were well funded, so the important stuff was taken care of.)

Thanks (and best wishes for continued growth and profitability)

I have no idea when (or if) the forensics lab book will be published. The only issue that’s kept it on the shelf until now is that the (print) publishing environment has been very challenging over the last few years. When O’Reilly/MAKE decides to put a book into print, they have to judge whether the cost of doing so is likely to be returned with a profit from sales of that book. Four-color books (like the forensics lab book) have historically been very expensive to produce and print. There’s also a trade-off between print run size and cost per book, but of course printing a whole bunch of copies also incurs warehousing costs and risks having too many copies that don’t sell.

Originally I of course envisioned the biology book I’m working on now as a four-color title, but it soon became clear when I was pitching it to O’Reilly/MAKE that the numbers just wouldn’t support the cost and risk of doing it in four-color. But then a couple months ago my editor emailed with some good news. O’Reilly/MAKE is changing over from the traditional style of offset printing to print-on-demand, at least for four-color titles. That reduces risks a lot. Instead of doing a print run of, say, 25,000 copies of a four-color book, which ain’t cheap, they can do only as many POD copies as needed at one time. That greatly cuts down on inventory cost, warehousing cost, and so on, which in turn made it practical to do the biology book in four color.

Four-color POD may make it practical to do the forensics lab book in four-color as well, and I’ve already spoken to my editor about that idea. If we do that, I’m going to have to rewrite the entire book to build it around a custom kit that we’ll put together and sell. That’s for the benefit of the readers. The current draft of the forensics lab book is written like the chemistry lab book: it assumes lab equipment and chemicals that are rather costly (compared to most homeschoolers’ budgets). By rewriting the forensics book around a custom kit, I can do two things: First, make it much more affordable (because buying stuff piecemeal is much more expensive than just buying a kit that has test solutions and so forth already made up). Second, I can do lab sessions that it wouldn’t be practical to do (if only on the basis of cost) without access to the resources of a custom kit.

One way or another, I intend to have the forensic science kits available before start of the autumn 2012 semester, and I hope to have them available in time for summer session. If we can’t get the forensics book into print by then, I’ll simply include a PDF of the manual. It won’t be the full forensics book, but it will cover all the labs comprehensively. Believe me, your son is by no means alone. Kids are fascinated with real forensic science, and many of them would love the chance to do real forensic work themselves. I mean real stuff, as in what real forensics labs do every day.

As far as sequence, the traditional method for academic/science track students was biology in 9th grade, chemistry in 10th, physics in 11th, and an advanced science in 12th. In some cases, students took more than one science class per year. For example, I did biology in 9th, chemistry and a second independent-study biology course in 10th, physics and a second chemistry course in 11th, and a second physics course and third independent-study chemistry course in 12th. (That was an extremely heavy science load, even back in the 60’s.) The traditional sequence has less to do with the sciences themselves and more to do with math. A first-year biology course required no advanced math, and so is suitable for 9th or even 8th grade. First-year chemistry requires at least algebra II, so is usually scheduled for 10th. First-year physics requires geometry/trigonometry, and so is usually scheduled for 11th. Second-year physics really should have calculus and differential equations as prerequisites, but is often scheduled for 12th grade at the same time students are taking calc/diff-e.

My own opinion is that forensic science is an ideal first lab course. It’s cross-discipline, incorporating elements of biology, chemistry, physics, earth science, and the other hard sciences, but it typically doesn’t require advanced math. Also, it doesn’t hurt that, as you say, kids are fascinated by it.


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Saturday, 7 January 2012

09:14 – Of course, I couldn’t help myself. When I started thinking yesterday about doing a lab session on mitosis and meiosis, I just had to dive in and get some of my thoughts recorded. I ended up stubbing out that lab session and shooting some images.

That got me thinking about equipment limitations. I was shooting images of a prepared slide of onion root tip mitosis, with several mitotic phases visible in one 400X field of view. I have a truly excellent Chinese microscope, a National Optical model 161 with ASC objectives, but it’s still a Chinese microscope and it still has achromatic objectives. As I was trying to count chromosomes at 1000X, I found myself wondering just how much difference it would make to be using a Zeiss or Leitz model with plan apochromatic objectives. I suspect that detail that was just on the edge of visibility with my microscope would have been clear and easily discriminated with the Zeiss or Leitz scope. Of course, just one objective lens for one of those scopes can cost $5,000 or more, and a complete tricked-out scope with all the options can easily run $50,000.

I just answered a question this morning over on the Well-Trained Minds forum about National Optical microscopes versus no-name/house-branded Chinese microscopes. As usual, a lot of forum members say they bought XXX model and they’re very happy with it. Which is fine. I’m glad they’re happy with what they have, but the reason they’re happy is that they can see something when they look into the eyepiece. They have no basis for comparison, and few of them would know a good microscope if it bit them. If I could sit them down to do a side-by-side comparison among their $250 microscopes, a $500 National Optical scope, and a $5,000 Leitz scope, the scales would fall from their eyes.

Of course, I also recognize that the difference between $250 and $500 may be a deal breaker for a lot of homeschool families. And the truth is that any homeschooler is much better off with whatever microscope they can afford than with no microscope at all. So I suppose I should just shut up about it.


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Friday, 6 January 2012

08:11 – I finished shooting images for the vertebrates lab session yesterday, except for a few that I’m waiting to receive prepared slides for. This will be my all-time record for one lab session. Something between 50 and 60 images. Now I’ll spend the next two or three days writing the text.

Once I finish that, I’m going to go back and add in at least one or two lab sessions in earlier chapters. I’d like to do one in the Life Processes group on mitosis and meiosis, but I’m not sure exactly how to do that as a lab session. It’s difficult to turn concepts that abstract into hands-on lab work, particularly since we’ll be dealing with chromosomes, which are tiny and difficult to see, let alone count or observe details. I guess I’ll figure something out.


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Thursday, 5 January 2012

09:19 – I just shipped the first chemistry kit of the new year, what I hope is the first of many kits we’ll ship this year. In 2011, we just dipped our toes in the water, selling only one type of kit. In 2012, we’ll have several new kits on offer, starting with biology and forensics, and my goal is to sell at least 500 kits in total for the year 2012.

We’ll introduce the biology kits this spring, to correspond with the biology book being published for Maker Faire. Between completing the book at the end of this month and when the book is published, we’ll be putting together a starting inventory of biology kits, but we’ll also be working on the forensics kit and documentation, which we intend to begin shipping at around the same time, in time for summer session and early orders for autumn semester. Over the summer, we’ll be working on writing documentation for and designing an AP Chemistry kit, which should be available this autumn.

At that point, I plan to begin working on “lite” chemistry and biology kits, for homeschool students who won’t go on to major in a hard science in college but need a standard science lab course. Those kits will be designed to offer a less rigorous but still useful exposure to lab science, and will sell for around 75% of the prices of the more comprehensive and rigorous kits. Call it $120 shipped versus $160.

Meanwhile, I’m still shooting images for the vertebrates chapter. I’ve found that using Live View heavily really drains the battery, so I always keep the spare one charged.


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